You’ve written three programs in the practice article. Now it’s time to solve on your own. Three exercises, three levels — all with their statement, hints and commented solution at the end. The thread running through all three is the same: the structure comes out automatically, semicolons go where they belong, and printf formats exactly…
In the theory article we covered Java’s structure — class, main method, System.out.println and semicolons. Now it’s time to write real programs from scratch. The goal of this practice is one: make the structure come out automatically without having to think about it, and make the semicolon stop costing you failed compilations. Open VS Code,…
Loops in Java work with the same logic as Python — repeat a block of code multiple times. What changes is the syntax and one new addition: the for-each loop that Java has and Python’s for already covers implicitly. If you understood loops in Python and C, Java loops will feel immediately familiar with a…
Input and flow control in Java cover the tools that make a program interactive and intelligent — reading data from the user and making decisions based on it. If you already know Python’s input(), if/elif/else and C’s switch, you already understand the concepts. What changes is the syntax and one important new class: Scanner. Scanner…
Variables in Java are more explicit than in Python — every variable has a fixed type declared at creation that never changes. In Python you wrote x = 5 and Python figured the type out. In Java you write int x = 5 and the compiler enforces that x will always be an integer. This…
Java from scratch means understanding why every line of the skeleton program looks the way it does — not just copying it blindly. Every FP2 student starts with the same question: why does a program that just prints “Hello” need five lines and three keywords they’ve never seen before? This article answers that, then covers…
Installing Java on Windows is the first step before writing a single line of code in FP2. This guide takes you from a blank Windows machine to a working Java development environment in under 10 minutes — JDK 21 downloaded, installed, verified in the terminal, and VS Code configured with the Java extension pack. What…
Functions in C exercises are where pass by value and pass by reference stop being abstract concepts and become tools you apply automatically. You’ve seen the theory and built three complete programs. Now it’s time to solve challenges on your own — finding the second maximum, deleting an element by position, and merging two sorted…
In the previous article we covered C functions theory. Now it’s time to write real programs. In this article we build three programs from scratch in gedit and compile them with gcc in Fedora — array search, transformations by reference and a statistics calculator. Each one puts pass by value and pass by reference to…
Functions in C work with the same concept as in Python — a named block of code you can reuse — but the syntax is stricter and the way data moves in and out is fundamentally different. In Python you never had to think about whether a function could modify the original variable. In C…